Therapies in development. Overview by Kevin McFarthing.

Kevin McFarthing: “I was diagnosed with Parkinson’s in 2012.  As a scientist, I tried to find out as much as I could about the condition.  Part of that was to investigate potential therapies that may be of benefit in the future.  This resulted in an ad ho list that needed organising in a spreadsheet.  Following lots of collecting, the spreadsheet below contains 200 identified projects, split into clinical and research/pre-clinical phases. I’ve probably missed some; I’ve undoubtedly made some mistakes.  Please let me know of any additions or corrections.  In the meantime I have only one conclusion – there really is a lot going on out there.”

1. Summary
2. Clinical research
3. Research phases
4. Inactive research

Please feel free to add, correct or comment via our contact page.

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Therapies in development. Overview.

RESEARCH/PRE-CLINICAL		CLINICAL
Discovery	47	Phase 1	31
Pre-clinical	57	Phase 2	41
Research program	6	Phase 3	8
		Proof of concept	8
		Submitted	2
TOTAL	110	TOTAL	90
Symptom relief	22
Disease modifying	87	Symptom relief	49
Not clear	1	Disease modifying	41
TOTAL	110	TOTAL	90
NCE	93	NCE	48
Reformulation	6	Reformulation	14
Repurpose	7	Repurpose	21
Cells	2	Cells	4
Gene therapy	1	Non-invasive surgery	1
Protein extract	1	Gene therapy	1
		Botanical	1
TOTAL	110	TOTAL	90

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Clinical phase

COMPANY	THERAPY	WHAT IS IT?	STATUS	OBJECTIVE	TYPE
Acorda Therapeutics	CVT-301 (Inbrija)	Inhaled L-DOPA	Submitted	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Acorda Therapeutics	SYN-120	Dual antagonist of 5-HT6 and 5-HT2A	Phase 2	Symptom relief (cognitive)	NCE
Addex Therapeutics	Dipraglurant	mGlur5 inhibitor	Phase 2a	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Affiris	PD01/PD03	aSN vaccine	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Amarantus Bioscience	Eltoprazine	5-HT partial agonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Amarantus Bioscience	MANF	Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neutotrophic factor	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Anavex Life Sciences	2-73	Targets sigma receptors	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
ApoPharma/Fair Park II/Cure Parkinson's Trust	Deferiprone	Iron chelator	Phase 3	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Astra Zeneca (owns Bydureon)/UCL/CPT	Exenatide (Bydureon)	Type 2 diabetes drug	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Astra Zeneca / Takeda	MEDI1341	aSN antibody	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Avanir Pharmaceuticals	Nuedexta	Dextromethorphan/quinidine	Phase 1	Symptom relief (LID)	Repurpose
Axovant	Nelotanserin	5H2A inverse agonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief DLB and PDD	NCE
BioElectron (formerly Edison Pharna)	BioE-743 and BioE-589	Improves mitochondrial function	Phase 2a	Disease modifier	NCE
Biogen	BIIB054	aSN antibody	Phase 2	Disease modifier	NCE
Clera	CLR4001	Dopamine receptor modulator	Phase 2a	Symptom relief	NCE
Clevexel/Domain	CVXL-107	Glutamate release inhibitor	Phase 2a	Symptom relief	NCE
Colorado University, Denver	Phenylbutyrate	Thought to clear aSN	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Contera Pharma	JM-010	5-HT1 receptor agonist combinations	Phase 2a	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Cure Parkinson's Trust/UCL	Ambroxol	Gcase enhancer	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Cure Parkinson's Trust	Simvastatin	Cholesterol lowering statin	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Cure Parkinson's Trust/University of Queensland	MCC 950	Inflammasome inhibitor	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Dart Neuroscience	HT-3951	MAO-B inhibitor	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Denali Therapeutics	DNL-201	Lysosomal function enhancer	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Denali Therapeutics	DNL-151	Lysosomal function enhancer	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Dizlin	Infudopa	Sub-cutaneous L-DOPA	Phase 2?	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Dong-A	DA9805	Botanical extract	Phase 2a	Disease modifier	Botanical
Enterin	ENT-01	Displaces aSN aggregates	Phase 2a	Disease modifier	NCE
Genervon	GM608	Motoneuronotrophic factor (MNTF)	Phase 2a	Disease modifier	NCE
Herantis	CDNF	Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor	Phase 1/2	Disease modifier	NCE
HisamItsu	HP-3000	Ropinirole patch	Phase 3	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Hopitaux de Paris	Buspirone	5HT1A agonist	Phase 3	Symptom relief (LID)	Repurpose
Impax Pharma	IPX203	L-DOPA/carbidopa extended release	Phase 2	Symptom relief	Reformulation
InSightec Ltd	ExAblate Neuro	MR guided focused ultrasound	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Non-invasive surgery
Intec Pharma	Accordion Pill	L-DOPA/carbidopa extended release	Phase 3	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Integrative research laboratories	IRL 790	"Psychomotor stabiliser"	Phase 2	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Integrative research laboratories	IRL 752	"Cortical enhancer"	Phase 2	Symptom relief (PD dementia)	NCE
International Stem Cell Corporation	ISC-hpNSC	Neural stem cells	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Stem cells
Intra-cellular Therapies	ITI-214	PDE-1 inhibitor	Phase 1/2	Symptom relief	NCE
Io Therapeutics	IRX4204	RXR agonist (nuclear retinoid receptors)	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Jazz Pharmaceuticals	JZP-110	Selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor	Phase 2	Symptom relief (daytime sleepiness)	NCE
Kainos Medicine	KM819	FAF-q inhibitor	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Kissei	KDT--3594	DA receptor stimulation	Phase 1	Symptom relief	NCE
Kyowa Hakko	Istradefylline (Nouriast)	A2a receptor antagonist	Submitted? (marketed in Japan)	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Kyowa Hakko	KW6356	A2a receptor antagonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Ligand Pharmaceuticals	Aplindore	D2 agonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Living Cell Technologies	NTCELL	Encapsulated choroid plexus cells	Phase 2b	Disease modifier	Cells
Luye Pharma	LY03003	Rotigotine extended release	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Lysosomal Therapeutics/Allergan	LTI-291	Gcase inhibitor	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Medgenesis Therapeutix/ U of Bristol/PUK/CPT/MJFF	BVF-014	GDNF	Phase 2	Disease modifier	NCE
Michael J Fox Foundation	Isradipine	Calcium channel blocker	Phase 3	Symptom relief	Repurpose
Michael J Fox Foundation/NIC-PD	Nicotine patch	Nicotine	Phase 2	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Michael J Fox Foundation / U of Rochester	Buspirone	Anxiolytic 5HT1A agonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief (anti-anxiety)	Repurpose
Michigan University	Clarithromycin	GABA-A modulator	Proof of concept	Symptom relief	Repurpose
Minnesota University	UDCA (ursodeoxycholic acid)	Improves mitochondrial function	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Mitsubishi Tanabe/Neuroderm	ND0612	Sub-cutaneous L-DOPA	Phase 2	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Neurmedix (ex-Harbor Therapeutics)	NE3107 (HE3286)	Anti-inflammatory	Phase 1	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Neurogeneration		Stem cells	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Stem cells
Neurohealing Pharmaceuticals	NH004	Tropicamide thin film	Phase 2	Symptom relief (drooling)	Reformulation
Neuropore + UCB	NPT 200-11/UCB-1332	Inhibitor of aSN aggregation	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Novartis/MJFF/CPT/Van Andel	Nilotinib	c-Abl inhibitor	Phase 2	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Novo Nordisk/Cure Parkinson's Trust/Cedars-Sinai	Liraglutide	GLP-1 agonist	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Ono Pharmaceuticals	ONO-2160	L-DOPA prodrug +carbidopa	Phase 1	Symptom relief	NCE
Oregon Health & Science University	Buspirone/amantadine	5HT1A agonist + amantidine	Phase 2	Symptom relief (LID)	Repurpose
Orion	ODM-104	COMT inhibitor	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Oryzon Genomics	ORY-2001	LSD-1 MAOB inhibitor	Phase 1	Symptom relief	NCE
Oxford Biomedica	OXB-102	Gene therapy	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Gene therapy
The Parkinson Study Group/MJFF	Inosine	Urate precursor	Phase 3	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Peptron	PT 320 and 330	SR Exenatide 2 weeks	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Pharma Two B	P2B001	Rasagiline/pramiprexole combination	Phase 3	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Pharnext	PXT864	Baclofen and acamprosate combination	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Repurpose
Prexton Therapeutics/Domain	Foliglurax	mGlur4 inhibitor	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Prothena/Roche	PRX002/RO7046015	Immunotherapy (Mab to aSN)	Phase 2	Disease modifier	NCE
QR Pharma	Posiphen	aSN (+tau +APP) aggregation inhibitor	Phase 2	Disease modifier	NCE
Raqualia Pharma	RQ-00000010	Serotonin 4 receptor partial agonist	Phase 1	Symptom relief (constipation)	NCE
Saarland University	RESISTA-PD	Resistant starch	Phase 2	Symptom relief (constipation)	Repurpose
Sanofi	Lixisenatide	GLP-1 agonist	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Sanofi/Genzyme	GZ/SAR402671	Inhibitor of aSN aggregation in patients with GCAse mutations	Phase 2	Disease modifier	NCE
Serina Therapeutics	SER-214	Continuous delivery of L-DOPA	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Reformulation
SK Biopharmaceuticals	YKP-10461	Selective, reversible MAO-B inhibitor	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Sunovion	SEP-363856	Non-D2 psychotropic	Phase 2	Symptom relief (PD psychosis)	NCE
Sunovion	DSP 6745	Serotonin 2A and 2C receptor antagonists	Phase 1	Symptom relief (PD psychosis)	NCE
Sunovion (acquired Cynapsus)	APL-130277	Apomorphine thin film strip	Phase 3	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Sunovion (acquired Cynapsus)	SEP-363856	5-HT1 receptor agonist	Phase 2	Symptom relief (PD psychosis)	NCE
SynAgile	OraFuse	Continuous delivery of L-DOPA/Carbidopa	Phase 2a	Symptom relief	Reformulation
TauRx	LMTX	Tau aggregation inhibitor	Phase 1	Disease modifier	NCE
Teikoku Pharma	TPU-002	7-day rasagiline patch	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Titan Pharmaceuticals	Ropinirole implant	3 month depot	Phase 1/2	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Transeuro		Fetal stem cells	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Cells
Vernalis	V81444	Adenosine receptor antagonist	Phase 1	Symptom relief	NCE
Voyager Therapeutics	VY-AADC01	AV-hAADC gene therapy	Phase 2	Disease modifier	Gene therapy

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Research phases.

COMPANY	THERAPY	WHAT IS IT?	STATUS	OBJECTIVE	TYPE
4P Therapeutics	Transdermal apomorphine		Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Reformulation
AC Immune	Morphomer aSN	Small molecule to inhibit aSN aggregation	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
AC Immune		Antibodies to aSN and TDP-43	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Acelot	JPS platform	LRRK2 inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Addex Therapeutics		mGluR4 PAM	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Addex Therapeutics		Tyrosine receptor kinase PAMs	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Aeolus Pharmaceuticals	AEOL 11114	Reduces oxidative stress	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Affiris	PD04	aSN vaccine	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Alkahest	GRF6019	Plasma protein extract	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Protein extract
Amabiotics	AMA-101	Microbiome modifier? Not clear.	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
American Gene Technologies	AG-PD	Therapeutic lentivirus	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Anavex Life Sciences	3-71	Targets sigma receptors	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Anavex Life Sciences	1-41	Targets sigma receptors	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Angita	AG-0029	D2 agonist/H3 antagonist	Discovery	Symptom relief	NCE
Antoxis	Proxison	Inhibits oxidative stress	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
APeT Holding BV	Constadopa	Twice daily dosing	Discovery	Symptom relief	NCE
Aposense	ATT-LD	L-DOPA prodrug	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	NCE
Aracion Biotech	S14	PDE-7 inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Armagen		Research program	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Arrien Pharmaceuticals	ARN-1104	LRRK2 inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Axial Biotherapeutics		Microbiome and PD	Research program	Disease modifier	NCE
Berg Health		Interrogative biology	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Bioarctic (partnered with Eisai and Abbvie)	BAN0805	aSN antibody	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Blue Rock therapeutics (+ Bayer)	iPSC research	iPSC	Research program	Disease modifier	Stem cells
Carmot Therapeutics/Amgen		Discovery programme	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Cantabio Pharmaceuticals	CB101	Targets DJ-1	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Cantabio Pharmaceuticals	CB201	Cell penetrant DJ-1 protein	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Carna Biosciences		Targets kinases	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Cerevance			Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Chipscreen	Chiglitazar	PPAR Pan inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Clevexel/Domain	CVXL-0069	Dual adenosine receptor inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief (MS and NMS)	NCE
Curemark	CM-PK	?	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Denali Therapeutics	ATV:aSyn	Antibody	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Dermaxon	DX0308	Retinoic acid metabolism inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Domain therapeutics	DT011088	mGluR3 allosteric modulator	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	NCE
Domain therapeutics		mGluR2 blocker	Discovery	Symptom relief	NCE
Eli Lilly	DETQ	D1 potentiator	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	NCE
Emerald Health Pharmaceuticals	EHP-102	Antinflammatory cannabinoid	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Ensemble therapeutics		Cyclophilin antagonists	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Fabre-Kramer Pharmaceuticals	FKK01PD	Apomorphine prodrugs	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	NCE
Gene Solutions		mtDNA focused discovery program	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Genecode		GDNF family ligand (GFL) mimetics	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Genentech		Discovery	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Genkyotex		NADPH oxidase inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Genosco		LRRK2 inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
ICB International		SMART molecules targetting aSN	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Immungenetics		ABC transporter protein enhancers	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Impel NeuroPharma	INP-103	Inhaled L-DOPA	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Integrative research laboratories	IRL448/IRL555	?	Discovery	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Jeil Pharmaceutical		Stem cell discovery programme	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Junaxo	JNX3001	Trehalose as autophagy enhanceer	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Keapstone Therapeutics		Discovery programme	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Khondrion	KH176	Prevents mitochondrial dysfunction	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Lead Discovery Center		LRRK2 programme	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Longevity Biotech	LBT-3627	VIP receptor agonist	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Lundbeck	PFE-360	LRRK2 inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
M's Science Corporation	MC116	Sigma 1 receptor agonist	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
M et P Pharma		Nasal delivery of dopamine	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Mavalon Therapeutics/Domain		mGluR3 PAM	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Merck/Parkinson's Institute		LRRK2 inhibitors	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Metabolic Solutions Development	MSDC-0160	mTOT modulator	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Michael J Fox Foundation/Binghamton U/Wayne State U	D-512	D2/D3 receptor agonist	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Minerva Neurosciences	MIN-301	Neuregulin 1b1 peptide	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Mission Therapeutics		USP30 targets	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Mitochon Pharmaceuticals	MP-201	Mitochondrial modulator	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Mitodys Therapeutics			Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Mitsubishi Tanabe/Neuroderm	ND0701	Sub-cutaneous apomorphine	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Modag/Cure Parkinson's Trust	Anle 138b	Inhibits aSN oligomerisation	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Motac		D3 receptor agonists / u opiod receptor antagonists 5-HT1a agonists	Discovery	Symptom relief	NCE
Netherlands Translational Research Centre		Trytophan oxygenase target	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Neuraltus	NP001 (IV sodium chlorite)	Regulates activated macrophages	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Neurodyn	ND1208	Neuroprotectant	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Neurodyn	Progranulin ND 602	Neuroprotectant	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Neurlixis	NLX-112	5HT-1A inhibitor	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief (LID)	NCE
Neuronascent	NNI-362 and NNI370 (backup)	Neurorestorative	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Neurop	Glu N2C/D	NMDA receptor blocker	Discovery	Symptom relief	NCE
New World Laboratories	NWL-283	Cell regeneration peptides	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
New World Laboratories		Personalised neural stem-like cells	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
nLife Therapeutics	NLF-PD 1233	Antisense oligo/drug conjugates	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
NLS Pharma		Quinoleine	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Repurpose
NLS Pharma		Tryptamine	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Repurpose
NLS Pharma		Aminoquinoxaline	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Repurpose
OPKO Health	SR-3306	jun-terminal kinase inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
OxStem		Endogenous cell activation therapy	Research program	Disease modifier	NCE
Parkure			Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Peptron	PT 304	SR Exenatide 1 month	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Pharmatrophix	P75 small molecule receptor program	Prevents neurodegeneration	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Plex Pharmaceuticals (formerly Calasia)		Targets misfolded proteins	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Prana Biotechnology/Takeda	PBT 434	Metal Protein Attenuating Compounds	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Prevail Therapeutics		NAV AAV9 vector	Research program	Disease modifier	Gene therapy
Primary Peptides	PP-003	Small peptide decreasing aSN	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Proclara (formerly Neurophage)	GAIM	Targets misfolded proteins	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Promius Pharma		Research program	Pre-clinical	?	?
Proteostasis Therapeutics (+Biogen)		USP14 inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
ReMYND	ReS9-S and ReS12-S	Modifying aSN toxicity	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Retrotope		Prevent cell damage from oxidative stress	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Rodin Therapeutics		Epigenetic regulation	Research program	Disease modifier	NCE
SanBio	SB623	Cell therapy	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Cells
Saniona		Nicotinic a6 receptor modulators	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Sheffield University	Ursodeoxycholic acid	Improve mitochondrial dysfunction	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Synpromics/UCL		Synthetic gene promoters	Research program	Disease modifier	NCE
Synthonics	Metal coordinated pharmaceuticals	Extend absorption phase of L-DOPA	Discovery	Symptom relief	Reformulation
TauRx		G2 PD	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Technophage		TZ-113	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
UCLA	CLR01	Binds to lysine residues to prevent aSN aggregation	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Vanton Research Labs	ODT-SR	Orally dissolving L-DOPA and carbidopa	Pre-clinical	Symptom relief	Reformulation
VistaGen Therapeutics	AV-101 (L-4-chlorokyurenine or 4-CI-KYN)	NMDAR GlyB modulator	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
VivaCell Biotechnology	VCE-003.2	Cannabinoid derivatives	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Wellstat Therapeutics	WT501	Oral agent for mitochondrial disease	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Yumanity Therapeutics		Protein misfolding	Research program	Disease modifier	NCE

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Research - inactive.

Therapies on market,	stopped	or no up to date data available
COMPANY	THERAPY	WHAT IS IT?	STATUS	OBJECTIVE	TYPE
Acorda Therapeutics (Biotie)	Tozadenant SYN-115	A2a inhibitor	Phase 3	Symptom relief	NCE
Cellceutix	KM362	Stops demyelination	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Euroscreen/Ogeda	ESN502	?	Discovery	?	NCE
FPRT Bio	XPro1595	TNF modifier to prevent neuroinflammation	Pre-clinical (inactive?)	Disease modifier	NCE
Intermed Discovery	IMD-026259	HIF-1 inhibitor	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Xenoport/Arbor Pharma	XP21279	L-DOPA pro drug	Suspended	Symptom relief	NCE
Adamas Pharma	ADS-5102	Extended-release amantadine	Approved	Symptom relief (LID)	Reformulation
Impax Pharma	IPX-066/Rytary	L-DOPA/carbidopa extended release	Approved	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Osmotica Pharmaceutical	Osmolex-ER	Extended release amantidine	FDA approved	Symptom relief (LID)	Reformulation
Astra Zeneca	AZD3241	Myeloperoxidase inhibitor	Discontinued	Disease modifier	NCE
Ceregene	CERE-120	AAV-NTN gene therapy	Discontinued	Disease modifier	NCE
Michael J Fox Foundation	Glutathione	Antioxidant	Phase 2	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Neuronova (now Newron)	PDGF-BB	Growth factor	Phase 1/2	Disease modifier	NCE
Prana Biotechnology	Clioquinol	Lysosome enhancer	Proof of concept	Disease modifier	Repurpose
Pfizer	PF-06649751	Dopamine signalling modulator	Phase 2	Symptom relief	NCE
Sellas	Zolpidem	Selective GABA-A-BZ1 receptors	Phase 2	Symptom relief	Repurpose
Teva	SD-1077	Deulevodopa	Phase 1	Symptom relief	Reformulation
Uniqure/UCSF/NIH	AMT-140	Gene therapy with AAV2-GDNF	Phase 1	Disease modifier	Gene therapy
Heptares		mGluR5 inhibitors	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Neuralstem	NSI-566	Cell therapy	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Cells
NSGene/Takeda	NsG0301	Cell repair platform delivering GDNF	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	NCE
Park Cell		Autologous cell transplantation	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Cells
Pfizer		Research program	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Promentis		Glutamergic discovery program	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
Reset Therapeutics		Orexin receptor modulators	Discovery	Symptom relief (sleep)	NCE
Rhinocyte		Nasal derived stem cells	Discovery	Disease modifier	Stem cells
STATegics		Cytokine receptor modulators	Discovery	Disease modifier	NCE
University of New Mexico	Flubendazole	Promotes autophagy	Pre-clinical	Disease modifier	Repurpose

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